The word magyar is taken from the name of one of the seven major semi-nomadic Hungarian tribes, magyeri. The name "Magyar", which refers to the people of the country, more accurately reflects the name of the country in some other languages such as Turkish, Persian and other languages as Magyaristan or Land of Magyars or similar. The Hungarian endonym is Magyarország, composed of magyar ('Hungarian') and ország ('country'). This points to the idea that the Magyar Union before the Conquest formed the "right wing" (= western wing) of the Khazar military forces. Golden also considers Árpád Berta's theory, who has suggested that the name derives from Khazar Turkic ongar (oŋ "right," oŋar- "to make something better, to put (it) right," oŋgar- "to make something better, to put (it) right," oŋaru "towards the right") "right wing". Onogur was the collective name for the tribes who later joined the Bulgar tribal confederacy that ruled the eastern parts of Hungary after the Avars. The Greek name might be borrowed from Old Bulgarian ągrinŭ, in turn borrowed from Oghur-Turkic Onogur ('ten Ogurs'), perhaps entering Slavic through a dialectal *Ongur. The rest of the word comes from the Latinised form of Byzantine Greek Oungroi (Οὔγγροι). The "H" in the name of Hungary (and Latin Hungaria) is most likely derived from historical associations with the Huns, who had settled Hungary prior to the Avars. It is a member of numerous international organisations, including the Council of Europe, NATO, United Nations, World Health Organization, World Trade Organization, World Bank, Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and the Visegrád Group. It is a popular tourist destination in Europe, drawing 24.5 million international tourists in 2019. Hungary has a long history of significant contributions to arts, music, literature, sports, science and technology. It is a high-income economy with universal health care and tuition-free secondary education. Hungary is a middle power in international affairs, owing mostly to its cultural and economic influence. Under Viktor Orbán and the Fidesz party since 2010, Hungary has undergone democratic backsliding along with a gradual shift towards authoritarianism. Hungary joined the European Union in 2004 and has been part of the Schengen Area since 2007. On 23 October 1989, Hungary again became a democratic parliamentary republic. The removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria accelerated the collapse of the Eastern Bloc and subsequently the Soviet Union. Following the failed 1956 revolution, Hungary became a comparatively freer, though still repressed, member of the Eastern Bloc. Postwar Hungary became a satellite state of the Soviet Union, leading to the establishment of the Hungarian People's Republic. Following the tumultuous interwar period, Hungary joined the Axis powers in World War II, suffering significant damage and casualties. Īustria-Hungary collapsed after World War I, and the subsequent Treaty of Trianon established Hungary's current borders, resulting in the loss of 71% of its territory, 58% of its population, and 32% of ethnic Hungarians. Hungary came under Habsburg rule at the turn of the 18th century, later joining with the Austrian Empire to form Austria-Hungary, a major power into the early 20th century. Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526, it was partially occupied by the Ottoman Empire (1541–1699). By the 12th century, Hungary became a regional power, reaching its cultural and political height in the 15th century. His great-grandson Stephen I ascended the throne in 1000, converting his realm to a Christian kingdom. The foundation of the Hungarian state was established in the late 9th century AD with the conquest of the Carpathian Basin by Hungarian grand prince Árpád. The territory of present-day Hungary has for centuries been a crossroads for various peoples, including Celts, Romans, Germanic tribes, Huns, West Slavs and the Avars. Budapest is the country's capital and largest city other major urban areas include Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, Pécs, and Győr. Hungarian, the official language, is the world's most widely spoken Uralic language and among the few non- Indo-European languages widely spoken in Europe. Hungary has a population of 9.7 million, mostly ethnic Hungarians and a significant Romani minority. Spanning 93,030 square kilometres (35,920 sq mi) of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and Slovenia to the southwest, and Austria to the west. Hungary ( Hungarian: Magyarország ( listen)) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.
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